NCERT Class X Chapter 14: Probability Exercise 14.1 Question (2)
NCERT Class X Chapter 14: Probability Exercise 14.1 Question 2
Question:
Which of the following experiments have equally likely outcomes? Explain.
(i) A driver attempts to start a car. The car starts or does not start.
(ii) A player attempts to shoot a basketball. She/he shoots or misses the shot.
(iii) A trial is made to answer a true-false question. The answer is right or wrong.
(iv) A baby is born. It is a boy or a girl.
Given:
Four experiments are given.
To Find:
Which experiments have equally likely outcomes.
Formula:
Equally likely outcomes mean that each outcome has the same probability of occurring.
Solution:
(i) A driver attempts to start a car.
The car starts or does not start.
The probability of the car starting depends on various factors (battery, engine condition, etc.).
These outcomes are not equally likely.
(ii) A player attempts to shoot a basketball.
She/he shoots or misses the shot.
The probability of making a shot depends on the player's skill.
These outcomes are not equally likely.
(iii) A trial is made to answer a true-false question.
The answer is right or wrong.
Assuming the student is guessing, the probability of being right is 12 and the probability of being wrong is 12.
These outcomes are equally likely.
(iv) A baby is born.
It is a boy or a girl.
Assuming equal probability of a boy or a girl, the probability of a boy is approximately 12 and the probability of a girl is approximately 12.
These outcomes are approximately equally likely.
Result:
Experiments (iii) and (iv) have equally likely outcomes.
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