NCERT Class X Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progression Exercise 5.3 Question 18

NCERT Class X Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progression Exercise 5.3 Question 18

Question:

A spiral is made up of successive semicircles, with centres alternately at A and B, starting with centre at A, of radii 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm,... What is the total length of such a spiral made up of thirteen consecutive 22 semicircles? (Take pi = 22/7)

Given:

Spiral is made of semicircles.

Total number of semicircles = 13. 

Radii of semicircles are 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, ... 

π = 22/7

To Find:

Total length of the spiral.

Formula:

Length of a semicircle = πr

The nth term of an arithmetic progression is given by an = a + (n-1)d.  

The sum of an arithmetic progression with n terms is given by Sn = n2(2a + (n-1)d).

Solution:

The radii of the semicircles are in an arithmetic progression with 

first term a = 0.5 and 

common difference d = 0.5.

The nth term of an arithmetic progression is given by an = a + (n-1)d. 

Therefore, the radius of the 13th semicircle is 

a13 = 0.5 + (13-1)0.5 

⇒ a13 = 6.5 cm.

The sum of an arithmetic series is given by Sn = n2(2a + (n-1)d). 

Therefore, the sum of the radii is 

⇒ S13 = 132 (2(0.5) + (13-1)0.5) 

⇒ S13 = 45.5 cm.

Total length of the spiral = π(sum of radii) 

⇒ Total length of the spiral = 227 × 45.5 

⇒ Total length of the spiral = 143 cm.

Result:

The total length of the spiral is 143 cm.

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